Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
The temporomandibular joint, also known as the jaw joint, is a complex joint that enables the movement of the lower jaw (mandible) relative to the skull. It is located in front of the ears on both sides of the head and allows us to open and close the mouth, as well as to chew and speak.
The TMJ is a type of joint known as a hinge-sliding joint, as it permits both rotational and translational movements. This mobility is supported by the articular disc, a cartilaginous structure between the jaw and the skull that acts as a cushion, ensuring that jaw movements are smooth and pain-free.
Many patients report jaw clicking, a sound that occurs when the articular disc in the TMJ shifts out of place and then slides back into position during movement. This clicking, often caused by misalignment or tension, is commonly associated with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD).
Dysfunctions or disorders of the TMJ can lead to:
- Pain,
- Limited mobility, and
- Other symptoms,
which are collectively referred to as temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD).