Sleep Study (Polysomnography)
A sleep study, also known as polysomnography, is a comprehensive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate sleep disorders. It involves continuous monitoring of various bodily functions during sleep to identify potential causes of disturbed sleep behavior.
Typical parameters recorded during polysomnography include:
-
Brain wave activity (EEG)
-
Heart rate and rhythm (ECG)
-
Breathing patterns (respiratory rate, apneas)
-
Blood oxygen saturation
-
Body and muscle movements
-
Eye movements (to detect REM phases)
In addition, specialized sensors can detect nocturnal teeth grinding (bruxism), a phenomenon often associated with other sleep disorders such as apnea or stress.
The study is usually conducted overnight in a sleep laboratory but may also be performed at home using portable diagnostic devices in certain cases.
Sleep studies are essential for diagnosing:
-
Sleep apnea
-
Insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep)
-
Restless legs syndrome
-
Narcolepsy
-
Parasomnias such as sleepwalking
-
Bruxism
The collected data forms the basis for individualized treatment plans that aim to improve sleep quality and reduce health risks such as daytime fatigue, concentration issues, and cardiovascular disease.